The first year is a promotion
Registrars often sell the first term near cost to win the customer, and expect to earn it back on the renewals that follow.
Domain costs, line by line
A domain is held by the year, so the price that matters is the one you keep paying. The first-year rate is often a promotion. Renewal, privacy and transfer charges decide what the name costs to keep.
Your registrar
One domain name, one business
The renewal line repeats. Plan around that one.
The bill
A domain is registered for a set term and renewed before that term ends. Some of these charges come once and some come back every year.
The second year
The gap between the first-year rate and the renewal rate has a few ordinary causes, and most of them can be spotted before you pay.
Registrars often sell the first term near cost to win the customer, and expect to earn it back on the renewals that follow.
Each extension is run by a registry that charges registrars a wholesale price. A very cheap first year on an unusual extension can renew far higher than a common one.
Some names are listed at premium prices, and a few of those carry a premium renewal as well. Check the renewal rate for that exact name, not the general price list.
Registering for several years up front generally fixes your price for the prepaid term, at the cost of more money today. Some multi-year offers discount only the first year, so read the checkout line by line.
At checkout
A registrar sells other things beside the name. None of them is needed to own it, and each one can add its own yearly renewal.
DNS management, and at many registrars basic forwarding. Check they are included before paying for an upgrade.
Business email and website hosting. You can point a domain at whichever provider you choose, so neither has to come from the company holding the name.
Security certificates, which many web hosts include. Matching names on other extensions, unless you have a specific reason to hold them.
On a small budget
The cheapest registrar for a business is the one that stays affordable for as long as the business keeps the name.
Find the registrar's full price list rather than the homepage offer, and look up the extension you actually want.
Work out the cost over as long as you expect to keep the name. A few renewals will usually outweigh any first-year saving.
If it is an add-on, it repeats every year and belongs in the same sum.
Know when the card is charged and what notice comes first. Leaving it on protects the name, as long as the card on file still works.
Moving should be routine: unlock the domain, get an authorization code, and wait out any lock period after a new registration.
Use the business's name and an email address you will still read years from now, because every renewal notice goes there.
Later on
Two things that happen to a domain years after it was bought, and both follow a set order.